Plants are capable of synthesizing and assembling virtually every kind
of antibody molecule, ranging from the smallest antigen-binding domai
ns and fragments, to full-length, and even multimeric, antibodies. A n
umber of plant hosts can be used, and because this is a versatile expr
ession system that can be scaled-up to agricultural proportions, a che
ap and plentiful supply of antibodies could be made available. Immunot
herapy is one of the many potential uses for bulk quantities of antibo
dy. In particular, passive immunotherapy of mucosal surfaces may be po
ssible, because functional secretory antibodies can be engineered in p
lants.