The incidence of benefits and costs from controlling rangeland grassho
ppers on public grazing lands poses problems of economic efficiency an
d distributional equity. Public grasshopper control programs operate l
ike public disaster assistance. However, grasshopper infestations are
an insurable risk. This article proposes a rangeland grasshopper insur
ance program which reduces the economic inefficiencies and distributio
nal inequities of the existing program.