Sm. Barnett et Sjd. Phoenix, THE PRINCIPLES OF QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY, Philosophical transactions-Royal Society of London. Physical sciences and engineering, 354(1708), 1996, pp. 793-803
Two parties can communicate in secret if they already share a sufficie
nt quantity of secret information. The problem then is how to distribu
te this secret information or key. Quantum cryptography provides the p
otential to ensure the security of the process of key distribution and
hence to guarantee the covert nature of the communication. The securi
ty of quantum key distribution relies on the principles of quantum the
ory and its successful implementation requires the development of quan
tum optical techniques.