EMISSION CONTROL IN HAZARDOUS-WASTE INCIN ERATION .1. ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF STACK GAS DUSTS

Due to the significant improvement of waste-gas purification technique s in hazardous waste incinerators during the last years and the result ing very low emissions, common analytical methods for measuring dust c onstituents are not applicable any longer. The drastic decrease of tot al dust emissions below 1 mu g/m(3) is illustrated using data from the hazardous waste incinerator Biebesheim/Germany (HIM). Furthermore, pr esent methods for dust analysis and sampling are described as well as a new analytical method which is suitable for low dust concentrations in the stack gas during routine operation. Sampling is done here by us ing membrane filters in a long period sampling system. The dusts are d igested by a special method, and the dust constitutents (as required b y the 17th Ordinance under the Federal Imission Control Act) are analy sed by ultrasonic nebulization and ICP-OES. In part 2 of this article, methods and results of granulometric and phase analysis will be prese nted. These can be of importance for a further optimization of plant p arameters and for the identification of harmful atmospheric substances .