ANALYSIS OF GENETIC-VARIATION IN POPULATI ONS OF SOCKEYE-SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA (WALBAUM) FROM ASIA AND NORTH-AMERICA BY METHODS OF MULTIVARIATE-STATISTICS

Starch gel electrophoresis was used to study 38 enzyme systems encoded by 87 genes, 43 of which were polymorphic, six with an intermediate l evel of polymorphism (0.050 < q < 0.100), nine with a high level (q > 0. 100), and the others with an extremely low level. Original and publ ished data on genetic variation in 502 samples from 86 sockeye salmon populations of Asia and America are presented. Highly significant hete rogeneity was revealed for gene frequencies (by the G-test) and geneti c variance (by Bartlett's test) both within and between local stocks o f the Asian acid American parts of the species, range. Principal compo nent analysis was applied to original and published data on eight gene s in 84 samples from nine large local stocks and to 48 samples from fi ve local stocks studied for nine genes with intermediate and high leve ls of polymorphism. Most regional population groups of sockeye salmon, associated with vast river or lake basins, as well as larger regions, were shown to have considerable genetic individuality, which made the ir discrimination possible in mixed-stock catches. Genetic relations b etween population groups of different hierarchic levels were studied b y unrooted neighbor-joining dendrograms based on genetic distances, es timated according to the formulas of Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards.