Dj. Harrison et al., MICROMACHINING CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL-ANALYSIS AND REACTION SYSTEMSON GLASS SUBSTRATES, Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical, 33(1-3), 1996, pp. 105-109
Microfluidic systems micromachined in glass chips serve as systems for
chemical analysis or sensing. Using electroosmotic pumping, applied v
oltages control the direction of fluid flow without the need for valve
s. Mixing of reagent solutions, chemical reactions and separation of c
ompounds in mixtures can be achieved. Demonstration of pre-separation
mixing of chemical reagents for reaction on-chip, post-separation fluo
rescent labelling on-chip, and immunological assays on-chip is present
ed.