MICROMACHINING CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL-ANALYSIS AND REACTION SYSTEMSON GLASS SUBSTRATES

Microfluidic systems micromachined in glass chips serve as systems for chemical analysis or sensing. Using electroosmotic pumping, applied v oltages control the direction of fluid flow without the need for valve s. Mixing of reagent solutions, chemical reactions and separation of c ompounds in mixtures can be achieved. Demonstration of pre-separation mixing of chemical reagents for reaction on-chip, post-separation fluo rescent labelling on-chip, and immunological assays on-chip is present ed.