A quantitative model is developed for the buildup of phosphorus in the
surface region of silicon during thermal annealing. The model include
s migration of mobile diffusion components (vacancies and E-centers) t
oward the surface under the action of the surface potential and comple
x formation at high impurity concentrations. The model provides a quan
titative description of the experimentally observed dependence of the
relative height of the surface concentration peak on the volume impuri
ty concentration. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.