A new objective function is introduced for the optimization of the des
ign and operation conditions in preparative chromatography. Instead of
the production rate, we propose to maximize the product of the produc
tion rate and the recovery yield. This new objective function leads to
optimum experimental conditions under which the production rate is al
most as high as it would be if only the production rate were maximized
, but the recovery yield is significantly improved. The advantages of
the novel objective function are demonstrated by calculations based on
both the ideal and the equilibrium-dispersive models of chromatograph
y. The application of this novel objective function is beneficial in i
socratic overloaded elution, in overloaded gradient elution and in dis
placement chromatography.