GLASS TRANSITIONS, ALPHA-DISPERSION, AND LOCAL MODE OF MOTIONS IN THEGLASSES OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS, POLYMER LIQUID, AND HYDROGEN-BONDED LIQUID

General aspects of the glass transitions, the dispersions pertaining t o the Brownian motions near the glass transition temperature, and the local mode of motions in the glasses of o-terphenyl, triphenylchlorome thane, poly(vinyl chloride), and D-sorbitol are discussed. The configu rational internal energy and/or the configurational entropy govern the molecular mobility in the supercooled liquids of molecular liquids, i ncluding polymer liquids. The intermolecular inefficient spaces of fut ile interstices among molecules, but not the intramolecular conformati onal degrees of freedom in polymers, may be the essential origin of th e failure of free volume theories for mobility in molecular liquids. T he distribution of configurational energy, but not individual small gr oups and intramolecular chain flexibility, governs the local mode of m otions in the molecular glasses, the polymer glasses, and the hydrogen -bonded glasses. A macroscopic way to analyze the contribution from hy drogen bonds is proposed. This explains well the peculiar properties o f the molecular mobility and the glass transition in associated liquid s.