The problem addressed is one of model reference adaptive control (MRAC
) of asymptotically stable plants of unknown order with zeros located
anywhere in the s-plane except at the origin. The reference model is a
lso asymptotically stable and lacking zero(s) at s = 0. The control la
w is to be specified only in terms of the inputs to and outputs of the
plant and the reference model. For inputs from a class of functions t
hat approach a non-zero constant, the problem is formulated in an opti
mal control framework. By successive refinements of the sub-optimal la
ws proposed here, two schemes are finally design-ed. These schemes are
characterized by boundedness, convergence and optimality. Simplicity
and total time-domain implementation are the additional striking featu
res. Simulations to demonstrate the efficacy of the control schemes ar
e presented.