A brief summary is given of the developments in optical techniques for
rapid temperature measurement during the last three decades in two na
tional laboratories, the National Institute of Standards and Technolog
y in the USA and the Istituto di Metrologia ''G. Colonnetti'' in Italy
. Results of research conducted in originating and advancing the state
-of-the-art in high-speed (millisecond- and microsecond-resolution) py
rometry for measurement of temperatures in the range 1000 K to 5000 K
are discussed. The main emphasis is on several key issues related to h
igh-speed pyrometry including: high-speed operation, calibration of py
rometers, determination of true temperature and high-temperature refer
ence points. Anticipated future directions in research, developments a
nd applications in high-speed pyrometry are briefly discussed.