CD8(-CELL SUPERNATANTS OF HIV TYPE 1-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS HAVE OPPOSITE EFFECTS ON LONG TERMINAL REPEAT-MEDIATED TRANSCRIPTION IN T-CELLS AND MONOCYTES() T)

CD8(+) T lymphocytes of HIV-1-infected individuals can efficiently sup press HIV-1 replication in CD4(+) T lymphocytes via soluble factors, W e compared the effect of CD8(+) T cell-derived supernatants on HIV-1 L TR-driven gene expression in T cells and monocytic cell lines, Our res ults demonstrate that CD8(+) T cell supernatants that suppressed HIV-1 LTR-driven gene expression in Jurkat T cells significantly enhanced e xpression in Tat-activated U38 monocytic cells in the presence and abs ence of mitogenic stimulation, Examination of a panel of CD8(+) T cell -derived supernatants from HIV-infected individuals demonstrated that the extent of enhancement of transcription in U38 cells was mirrored i n most cases by a similar level of suppression of transcription in Jur kat T cells, In latently infected U1 cells treated with TNF-alpha cult ure with CD8(+) T cell supernatants markedly enhanced virus production , In addition, the percentage increase in the enhancement of HIV-1 LTR -driven CAT expression by CD8(+) T cell supernatants correlated strong ly (r = 0.911) with the level of p24 detected. The level of LTR-mediat ed gene expression in U38 cells was not influenced by rhMIP-1 alpha rh MIP-1 beta, or rhRANTES over a wide range of chemokine concentration, Treatment of CD8(+) T cell supernatant with a combination of antibodie s to these chemokines resulted in a further augmentation of LTR-mediat ed CAT expression in U38 cells, Taken together, these results demonstr ate that CD8(+) T cell suppressive factors may have opposite effects o n HIV-1 LTR-driven gene expression and replication dependent on target cell type and further suggest that the beta-chemokines do not influen ce HIV-1 LTR-mediated gene expression in monocytic cells.