THE TRIPLE FLASH ELECTRORETINOGRAM AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN MACULAR DISEASES - B-WAVE RECOVERY AS A DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate recovery data for t he b-wave of the electroretinogram (ERG) elicited using multiple flash stimulation with increasing stimulus intervals in normal controls and in patients with macular diseases. The results will describe effects of age and macular disease and define indexes characterizing the recov ery process. Methods: Scotopic Ganzfeld flash ERGs were elicited using interstimulus intervals of 140, 250, and 560 ms. Relative b-waves wer e calculated as the ratio b(140 ms/) b(560 ms), and b(280 ms)/b(560 ms ), respectively. Responses obtained in 134 eyes of 134 normal controls served as reference data. Fifty-four patients with different macular diseases were also examined and their data compared to the reference d ata. Results: Relative b-wave amplitudes correlated with interstimulus interval and with flash luminance, but not with age. All patients had a normal ERG when recorded following the standard of clinical electro retinography. A sigmoidal model was suggested, providing three indexes characterizing the b-wave recovery process. Relative b-waves and reco very indexes varied in age-related macular degeneration, central serou s retinopathy. vitelliform macular degeneration, Stargardt's disease, and pattern dystrophy. Conclusion: The triple Rash ERG reflects energy -yielding and -utilizing mechanisms. It proved to be more sensitive in detecting functional lesions in macular diseases than the standardize d explorating procedure. The b-wave recovery model allows differentiat ion between two independent mechanisms contributing to the b-wave reco very process. One or more of the three characterizing indexes are affe cted in different macular diseases.