The RNA world hypothesis is founded on the idea of an RNA replicase, o
r self-replicating RNA molecule, and presupposes the later emergence o
f ribozymes capable of catalyzing the synthesis of peptides, The recen
t demonstrations of ribozyme-catalyzed template-directed primer extens
ion, and of ribozyme-catalyzed amide bond synthesis, confirm the plaus
ibility of the RNA world, and highlight the steps that remain to be de
monstrated in the laboratory.