TlSr2YbCu2O7 was found to be non-superconducting, in harmony with the
formal valence of Cu2+ and Tl3+. However, isovalent cation substitutio
n of Ca2+ for Sr2+ made TlSr2-xCaxYbCu2O7 superconducting for x greate
r than or equal to 0.2, although no change would be expected in the fo
rmal valence of Cu. These observations strongly suggest that hole carr
iers are self-doped due to overlap between Tl6s and Cu3d(x2-y2) bands,
which is enhanced by the observed shortening of the Cu-O bond length
in the CuO2 sheet by Ca substitution for Sr.