S. Grossmann et M. Holthaus, MICROCANONICAL FLUCTUATIONS OF A BOSE SYSTEMS GROUND-STATE OCCUPATIONNUMBER, Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics, 54(4), 1996, pp. 3495-3498
Employing asymptotic formulas from the partition theory of numbers, we
derive the microcanonical probability distribution of the ground stat
e occupation number for a one-dimensional ideal Bose gas confined at l
ow temperatures by a harmonic potential. We compare the grand canonica
l analysis to the microcanonical one, and show how the fluctuation cat
astrophe characteristic for the grand canonical ensemble is avoided by
the proper microcanonical approach.