The present paper deals with the taxonomy of five species belonging to
the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876. Two of them are prodelphic: T.
stecki Steiner, 1914 and T. vulvulatus Rahman, Jairajpuri, Ahmad & Ah
mad, 1987; they are characterized by having perioral region not disc-l
ike, anterior part of the pharynx expanding gradually to the basal bul
b, and posterior genital branch more than two body widths long. The ot
her three species are opisthodelphic: T. intermedius n. sp., T. gertii
Kruger, 1965 and T. pakistanensis Timm, 1964. These five species are
described and illustrated. Moreover, T. rossi Yeates, 1979 is transfer
red to Tantunema Siddiqi, 1979 as Tantunema rossi (Yeates, 1979) n. co
mb. Several species recently described or transferred to Tylencholaimu
s, and others considered species inquirendae are briefly discussed.