D. Calabrese et al., PRODUCTION OF GROUP IIA ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR NEGATIVE-ION BEAMS IN A CESIUM-SPUTTER NEGATIVE-ION SOURCE, Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment, 379(2), 1996, pp. 192-195
The results of an investigation on the production of Group ZIA atomic
and molecular negative ion beams formed in a cesium-sputter negative i
on source are presented. The sputtering material was formed by pressin
g pellets of stoichiometric mixtures of the Group IIA element carbonat
es and 10% copper powder. Negative ions of several alkaline-earth elem
ents and their oxides have been observed. Beam intensities as high as
180 pA have been observed for Sr- and 20 nA for SrO-.