Eleven species of gut fungi and one protist are reported from the Vald
ivia region of southern Chile from lotic larvae of Diptera [Ceratopogo
nidae (biting midges), Chironomidae (nonbiting midges), Simuliidae (bl
ackflies), Tipulidae (craneflies)] and Ephemeroptera [Baetidae (mayfli
es)]. Five are new species of Harpellales (Zygomycota: Trichomycetes):
Harpella meridianalis, Smittium cylindrosporum, Sm. imitatum, Sm. sim
ulatum, and Stachylina ceratopogonidarum. One is a new species of Amoe
bidiales, Paramoebidium grande. The three new species of Smittium were
cultured axenically, and isozyme analyses indicated they are clearly
distinct from other cultured species of Smittium, even though Sm. imit
atum and Sm. simulatum are indistinguishable on tile basis of trichosp
ore morphology from two widely distributed species, Sm. simulii and Sm
. culicis, respectively. Four of six previously known species collecte
d in Chile had been found prior to this study only in the Northern Hem
isphere.