The combination of autologous blood donation and rHuEPO therapy is rar
ely justified for medical and economic reasons. Adequate alternative i
ndications for the use of rHuEPO perioperatively have yet to be studie
d. Therefore, in addition to the increasing costs of safe homologous b
lood products and the decreasing costs of recombinant proteins, a reev
aluation of the cost-effectivity relationship will be mandatory for rH
uEPO in surgery.