ON EXTERNAL STRUCTURE OF MALE ANTENNAE IN THE SUBFAMILY ICHNEUMONINAE(HYMENOPTERA, ICHNEUMONIDAE) AND RELATED GROUPS

Male antennae of Ichneumoninae consist of a scape, pedicel, annelus an d multisegmented flagellum. On the outer side of flagellum, mainly in its proximal half, many Ichneumoninae have a ridge of tyloids, i.e. ra isedoval fields of plaques. Two main types of sensillum are present on the flagellomeres: trichoid (or long basiconic) sensilla and placoid ones. In ichneumonids the placoid sensilla never occur on tyloids. Tyl oids are covered with trichoid and basiconic sensilla only in Ichneumo ninae, and in the other ichneumonids (Cryptinae, Pimplinae, Tryphonina e, Adelognathinae, Cylloceriinae, Orthocentrinae and Diplazontinae) th e tyloid surface lacks these sensilla and usually has pores. Ichneumon iae tyloids are obviously not homologous to similar structures in the other Ichneumonidae. Their presence in Ichneumoninae is best interpret ed as an ''underlying synamorphy'' of this subfamily.