ATTITUDE AND HELP-SEEKING FOR HEARING IMPAIRMENT

The aim of the present study was to investigate help-seeking for heari ng impairment in the elderly, and to compare groups showing dissimilar help-seeking on their attitude toward hearing loss and hearing aids. Attitude factors were based on a revised version of the Health Belief Model, and included beliefs about: the severity of the hearing problem s, the benefits of a hearing aid, barriers to hearing aid use, and the opinions of significant others. Hearing threshold levels were determi ned for a random sample (N = 624) of subjects aged 57 years or older f rom 12 general practices. Those with a mean loss of 35 dBHL in both ea rs (23.1%) were considered hearing impaired. Of every four hearing imp aired subjects, approximately one had not discussed the impairment wit h his doctor and one had discussed it but did not have a hearing aid t rial. About 40% of the hearing impaired individuals had a hearing aid, and relatively few had given up using it (6% of those who had an aid) . These results showed a higher incidence of help-seeking for hearing impairment than comparable British studies. After the influence of hea ring impairment was controlled for, the following relationships betwee n attitude and help-seeking were found: (1) non-consulters perceived t heir impairment as relatively inconsequential, most frequently demonst rated a passive acceptance of hearing problems with increasing age, sa w least benefits of hearing aid use, and experienced little social pre ssure to seek help; (2) those who did not try an aid after consulting their doctor stood out because they saw most stigma-related barriers t o hearing aid use and felt their significant others agreed with them o n this negative evaluation of aids; and (3) current users had the most favourable attitude toward hearing aids.