The developmental approach to mental retardation focuses on understand
ing the functioning of individuals with mental retardation within a de
velopmental context. It stands in contrast to more typical notions tha
t focus on deviant or atypical processes. Differences in the developme
nt of individuals with mental retardation are viewed in relation to sp
ecific causes. This model has considerable potential for understanding
differences in the pattern and profile of development in persons with
mental retardation.