THE ROLE OF BUOYANCY FLUXES IN THE FORMAT ION OF A LARGE-SCALE CIRCULATION AND STRATIFICATION OF SEA-WATER .1. THE THEORY

The present work is based on the haline hypothesis on the formation of a large-scale system of currents in inland seas. Using the Black Sea as an example, it is shown that, in this case, the above phenomenon is due to the river runoff and the inflow of salt water of the Sea of Ma rmara through the Bosporus. A theoretical simulation of peculiarities of the water circulation and stratification formed by buoyancy fluxes in an open canal is carried out for the linear, quasilinear, and nonli near statements of the problem. The existence of a three-layer structu re of horizontal currents with a yet-unknown anticyclonic countercurre nt at depths of the basic pycnocline of the Black Sea is predicted by the results of the study at hand.