COMPARISON OF THE ACUTE EFFECTS ON GAS-EXCHANGE OF NASAL VENTILATION AND DOXAPRAM IN EXACERBATIONS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE

Background - Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is useful in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (C OPD) complicated by ventilatory failure, The effects of NIPPV were com pared with those of the respiratory stimulant doxapram on gas exchange in patients with COPD and acute ventilatory failure. Methods - Patien ts admitted with acute exacerbations of COPD and type 2 respiratory fa ilure (Pao(2) <8 kPa and PaCO2 >6.7 kPa) who did not improve with conv entional treatment were randomised to receive either NIPPV or intraven ous doxapram. Blood gas tensions were monitored for four hours. Result s - In nine patients who received NIPPV the arterial Pao(2) improved f rom a mean (SE) of 5.9 (0.4) kPa to a maximum of 8.1 (0.6) kPa which w as maintained at four hours. Eight patients who received doxapram had a similar baseline PaO2 of 5.6 (0.4) kPa which rose to a maximum of 7. 3 (0.5) kPa but this was not maintained at four hours. The improvement in Pao(2) in patients on NIPPV was accompanied by a fall in PaCO2 but , in contrast, in those who received doxapram there was no improvement ill PaCO2. Conclusions - NIPPV may be more effective than doxapram in the management of acute ventilatory failure complicating COPD.