POTENTIAL OF DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY FOR TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS OF DENTAL-CARIES AND PERIODONTAL-DISEASES

Most evidence suggests that only a finite number of bacteria are respo nsible for dental caries and periodontal diseases. This knowledge led to the development of microbial tests which can identify suspected pat hogens. Current evaluation of the diagnostic power of microbial tests has shown that they have a low sensitivity and a low prognostic value. Despite these shortcomings, there are valid indications for microbiol ogical-based diagnosis. Salivary microbial tests for the detection of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli may be useful, for example, in yo ung children, oligosialic patients, and orthodontic patients. These te sts can be used to monitor the success of chemopreventive measures or compliance with dietary recommendations. Microbial diagnosis may also be Valuable in the treatment of early-onset periodontitis or in subjec ts who respond poorly to periodontal therapy. The use of microbial tes ts to monitor the efficacy of chemotherapy or mechanical treatment is of particular interest.