Objective. To determine the validity of a self-reported physician diag
nosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in elderly women. Methods. Women wi
th self-reported RA were contacted and permission requested to contact
their physician. Physicians were mailed a questionnaire requesting in
formation on the subject's arthritic condition. Hand radiographs obtai
ned at study entry were read for changes of RA. Results. The self-repo
rted diagnosis of RA could be confirmed in 26 (21%) individuals. Concl
usion. The positive predictive value of self-reported RA was low in th
is cohort. Caution needs to be exercised in the use and interpretation
of self-report data concerning arthritic conditions in epidemiologic
studies.