S. Batchelor et al., CHARACTERIZATION OF ELECTRIC-FIELD ASSISTED DIFFUSED POTASSIUM-ION PLANAR OPTICAL WAVE-GUIDES, Electronics Letters, 32(22), 1996, pp. 2082-2083
A simple drift transport model is used to predict the depth of planar
optical waveguides produced by the electric field assisted ion exchang
e of potassium ions into soda-lime glass. The guide depth can be repre
sented by a simple universal function of the voltage-process lime prod
uct. The model is fitted to experimental data over a wide range of app
lied potentials and times. Joule heating effects limit the accuracy of
the model at large current densities.