Traditional divisions of medical research Medical research has been tr
aditionally classified as 'basic' and 'applied'. The latter category h
as tended to emphasize the value of randomized controlled trials. Thes
e, however, cannot be applied to routine clinical care without conside
rable extrapolation. There is a further need for research into optimal
methods of health care delivery directed at improving the standards o
f treatment and taking account of such factors as socio-economic need
and barriers to access. Requirement for an integrated programme of res
earch If the full opportunities offered by scientific research are to
be exploited, an integrated programme of research is required which ex
tends from the basic to the applied and which recognizes the tradition
al, end-point, controlled trial as only one component in a spectrum of
scientific activity.