The total lipids of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa have bee
n isolated and fractionated into its components. Of these lipid compon
ents, only the fatty acid-containing fraction inhibited the growth of
the green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The inhibitory activity appears
to be due to linoleic and linolenic acids, which are both present in s
ignificants quantities. These acids may be the substances responsible
for the reported toxicity of Microcystis aeruginosa to Chlorella.