The aim of this paper is to review publications discussing the declini
ng prevalence of dental caries in the industrialized countries during
the past decades, focusing on some main conferences addressing this is
sue. Has there been a real decline in the prevalence of dental caries?
Several excellent papers and reviews have been published, and there i
s a general agreement that a marked reduction in caries prevalence has
occurred among children in most of the developed countries in recent
decades. This fact has stimulated much debate and attempts to identify
the most likely explanations for this change. The conclusion made fro
m this review is that the various authors believe that the use of fluo
ride in various forms has contributed most significantly to the declin
e in dental caries prevalence. A number of other factors must, however
, also be taken into consideration, and such factors have been extensi
vely discussed in the various publications.