The aim of this retrospective study of 2,406 diagnostic percutaneous t
horacic needle aspirations under computer tomographic control was to a
ssess the diagnostic value of this method, the technical problems and
the complications and finally, to refine the indications. Percutaneous
needle aspiration had been carried out after negative fibreoptic bron
choscopy. The auteurs review their technique and show the value of bio
psy aterial which is only slightly traumatised. Computerised tomograph
y and fine needle aspiration reduce the risk of pneumothorax and haemo
rrhage in a significant fashion. Personalised collaboration between th
e radiologist, physician and cytologist is a vital prerequisite. The i
ndications are discussed notably in cases of solitary pulmonary nodule
s and of mediastinal masses.