The free-electron laser (FEL) has become an important tool for produci
ng high-intensity photon beams, especially in the infrared. Synchrotro
n radiation's primary spectral domains are in the ultraviolet and X-ra
y region. FEL's are therefore excellent complimentary facilities to sy
nchrotron radiation sources. While FEL's have seen only limited use in
experimentation, recently developed programs at Vanderbilt University
in Jashville, TN, are swiftly rectifying this situation. This review
paper examines practical experience obtained through pioneering progra
ms using the Vanderbilt FEL, which currently hosts one of the largest
FEL materials research programs. Results will be discussed in three ar
eas: two-photon absorption in germanium, FEL-assisted internal photoem
ission measurements of interface energy barriers (FELIPE), and wavelen
gth-specific laser diamond ablation.