We describe a case of recurrent histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis
(HNL) with aseptic meningitis, The patient was a 46-year-old male and
a carrier of human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), The patient h
ad a past medical history of at least three relapses of HNL. In additi
on, his sister, who was also an HTLV-I carrier, had recurrent clinical
episodes consistent with those of HNL, suggesting familial HNL occurr
ence, This observation suggests the possibility that HTLV-I infection
is relevant to the pathogenesis of HNL.