Primary intrinsic oligodendrogliomas of the brainstem are exceedingly
unusual. The authors report the case of an intraaxial brainstem oligod
endroglioma in an adult. In an extensive review of oligodendrogliomas,
only six (0.4%) of 1593 cases recorded could be identified as intrins
ic brainstem tumors. Five of these cases were found in children. This
report documents a 25-year-old woman with a pontomedullary oligodendro
glioma. An analysis of the world literature on this tumor type finds t
hat posterior fossa oligodendrogliomas present at an earlier age and a
ppear to be more aggressive biologically than their supratentorial cou
nterparts. The overall prognosis for patients harboring an intrinsic b
rainstem oligodendroglioma remains unclear, with significant variabili
ty between patients.