ROLE OF GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR AND GRANULOCYTE-COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ACUTE NEUTROPHIL INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN MICE

The intraperitoneal injection into mice of casein preparations contain ing bacteria induced a rapid accumulation of neutrophils within 3 hour s due to selective release of mature cells from the bone marrow. Signi ficant increases in the concentrations of granulocyte-macrophage colon y-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating facto r (G-CSF) occurred in the peritoneal cavity during the process, but th e intraperitoneal injection of neither CSF induced a significant accum ulation of neutrophils and the coinjection of G-CSF and casein failed to enhance the neutrophil response. The lack of involvement of either CSF in the neutrophil migration was confirmed by the development of ty pical neutrophil exudates when casein was injected into mice with inac tivation of the genes encoding GM-CSF, G-CSF, or the beta-common chain of the GM-CSF receptor, However, preinjection of G-CSF increased the number of marrow neutrophils available for migration and did result in increased numbers of neutrophils in the peritoneal cavity after casei n injection. Typical eosinophil inflammatory responses to the injectio n of casein or thioglycollate occurred in GM-CSF -/- mice but not in b eta c -/- mice, suggesting that interleukin-5 was necessary for this r esponse. (C) 1996 by The American Society of Hematology.