P21RAS ACTIVATION BY THE GUANINE-NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR SOS, REQUIRES THE SOS GRB2 INTERACTION AND A 2ND LIGAND-DEPENDENT SIGNAL INVOLVING THE SOS N-TERMINUS/
Jl. Byrne et al., P21RAS ACTIVATION BY THE GUANINE-NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR SOS, REQUIRES THE SOS GRB2 INTERACTION AND A 2ND LIGAND-DEPENDENT SIGNAL INVOLVING THE SOS N-TERMINUS/, Oncogene, 13(10), 1996, pp. 2055-2065
It has been suggested that a key event in growth factor-induced p21Ras
activation by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos, is the recr
uitment of Sos to the plasma membrane by its interaction with the adap
tor protein Grb2. However, other evidence argues that the sub cellular
localisation of Sos is independent of Grb2, and that the Sos/Grb2 int
eraction can be dispensed with for p21Ras activation. To clarify the r
ole of the Sos/Grb2 interaction in ligand-stimulated p21Ras activation
, we have utilised the observation that overexpression of the Sos C-te
rminal domain can effectively inhibit p21Ras-dependent signalling in t
hree different mammalian systems. We have shown that concurrent expres
sion of Grb2, but not SH2 or SH3 domain mutants of Grb2, or the altern
ative adaptor protein Nck, can rescue this inhibitory effect: of the C
-terminus. This shows that the Grb2/Sos interaction is required to med
iate growth factor-dependent activation of p21Ras, and requires the pr
esence of intact SH2 and SH3 domains of Grb2. This approach was also u
sed for a functional analysis of Sos which revealed that growth factor
dependent signals are transmitted through both the N-terminal and C-t
erminal domains.