PRE-STEADY-STATE KINETIC-STUDY OF THE MECHANISM OF INHIBITION OF THE PLASMA-MEMBRANE CA2-ATPASE BY LANTHANUM()

Lanthanides are known to be effective inhibitors of the PMCa(2+)-ATPas e. The effects of LaCl3 on the partial reactions that take place durin g ATP hydrolysis by the calcium-dependent ATPase from plasma membrane (PMCa(2+)-ATPase) were studied at 37 degrees C on fragmented intact me mbranes from pig red cells by means of a rapid chemical quenching tech nique. LaCl3 added before phosphorylation (K-0.5 = 2.8 +/- 0.2 mu M) r aised the k(app) of the E(2) --> E(1) transition from 14 +/- 2 to 23 /- 4 s(-1). The effect was independent of Ca2+ and Mg2+, as if La3+ su bstituted for Mg2+ and/or Ca2+ in accelerating the formation of E(1) w ith higher efficiency. At non-limiting conditions, LaCl3 doubled the a pparent concentration of Ei in the enzyme at rest with Ca2+ and Mg2+. LaCl3 during phosphorylation (K-0.5 near 20 mu M) lowered the upsilon( 0) of the reaction from 300 +/- 20 to 60 +/- 7 pmol/mg of protein/s, a close rate to that in the absence of Mg2+. This effect was reversed b y Mg2+ (and not by Ca2+), and the K-0.5 for Mg2+ as activator of the p hosphorylation reaction increased linearly with the concentration of L aCl3, suggesting that La3+ slowed phosphorylation by displacing Mg2+ f rom the activation site(s). If added before phosphorylation, LaCl3 low ered the k(app) for decomposition of EP to 0.8 +/- 0.1 s(-1), a value which is characteristic of phosphoenzyme without Mg2+. The K-0.5 for t his effect was 0.9 +/- 0.5 mu M LaCl3 and increased linearly with the concentration of Mg2+. If added after phosphorylation, LaCl3 did not c hange the k(app) of 90 +/- 7 s(-1) of decomposition of EP, suggesting that La3+ displaced Mg2+ from the site whose occupation accelerates th e shifting of E(1)P to E(2)P. In medium with 0.5 mM MgCl2, 2 mu M LaCl 3 lowered rapidly the rate of steady-state hydrolysis of ATP by the PM Ca(2+)-ATPase to a value close to the rate of decomposition of EP made in medium with LaCl3. Increasing MgCl2 to 10 mM protected the PMCa(2)-ATPase against inhibition during the first 10 min of incubation. Res ults show that combination of La3+ to the Mg2+ (and Ca2+) site(s) in t he unphosphorylated PMCa(2+)-ATPase accelerates the E(2) --> E(1) tran sition and inhibits the shifting E(1)P --> E(2)P. Since with less appa rent affinity La3+ slowed but did not impede phosphorylation, it seems that the sharp slowing of the rate of transformation of E(1)P into E( 2)P by displacement of Mg2+ was the cause of the high-affinity inhibit ion of the PMCa(2+)-ATPase by La3+.