DIFFERENT CYTOKINE PROFILES OF INTRAHEPATIC T-CELLS IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS-B AND HEPATITIS-C VIRUS-INFECTIONS

Background & Aims: The cytokine pattern secreted by T cells at the sit e of viral replication may influence the final outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, The aim of this st udy was to assess whether a cytokine imbalance oriented toward T helpe r (Th) 1 or Th2-type responses may play a role in chronic hepatitis B or C. Methods: Production of interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)- 4, and IL-5 by wide series of T-cell clones derived from the liver of 6 patients with chronic hepatitis B (291 clones) and 9 patients with c hronic hepatitis 6 (260 clones) was studied, T-cell clones were genera ted by limiting dilution from freshly isolated mononuclear cells deriv ed from liver tissue to give a reliable representation of the intrahep atic inflammatory infiltrates, Results: The majority of liver-infiltra ting T cells in chronic hepatitis C were Th1 cells able to secrete IFN -gamma but unable to secrete IL-4 or IL-5, whereas in hepatitis B, mos t CD4(+) and CD8(+) liver T cells were ThO-like cells able to produce not only IFN-gamma but also IL-4 and IL-5, Conclusions: The different cytokine profiles of T cells within the liver in chronic HBV and HCV i nfections illustrate a different behavior of the local immune response in these two infections that may have pathogenetic implications.