T. Vanderpoll et al., CHANGES IN ENDOTOXIN-INDUCED CYTOKINE PRODUCTION BY WHOLE-BLOOD AFTERIN-VIVO EXPOSURE OF NORMAL HUMANS TO ENDOTOXIN, The Journal of infectious diseases, 174(6), 1996, pp. 1356-1360
Whole blood of 6 healthy subjects, who were intravenously injected wit
h lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2 ng/kg), was stimulated ex vivo with LPS (
10 ng/mL). Three and 6 h after injection of LPS, whole blood produced
less tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6,
and IL-10 (all P < .05). By contrast, the production of IL-1 receptor
antagonist was enhanced after LPS injection (P <.05). Plasma obtained
2 h, but not 1 h, after in vivo administration of LPS showed a dose-d
ependent inhibition of TNF, IL-1 beta, acid IL-6 production by LPS-sti
mulated whole blood from 6 other healthy donors not previously exposed
to LPS, while the production of IL-10 and IL-1 receptor antagonist we
re not or were marginally influenced. LPS tolerance represents a purpo
seful adaptation of the host, rather than a generalized hyporesponsive
ness, and is at least partly mediated by soluble factors produced with
in 2 h after previous exposure to LPS.