Dt. Wicklow et al., OCHRATOXIN-A - AN ANTIINSECTAN METABOLITE FROM THE SCLEROTIA OF ASPERGILLUS-CARBONARIUS NRRL-369, Canadian journal of microbiology, 42(11), 1996, pp. 1100-1103
Ochratoxin A, a known mycotoxin with demonstrated toxicity to insects,
has been isolated from the sclerotia of the fungus Aspergillus carbon
arius NRRL 369. The sclerotia, harvested from a solid substrate fermen
tation of corn kernels at 28 degrees C, produced quantities of ochrato
xin A exceeding 50 ppm/g dry weight of sclerotia. Evidence is presente
d that ochratoxin A accounts for the activity of the methanol extract
against larvae of the detritivorous beetle Carpophilus hemipterus (Nit
idulidae) (75% reduction in feeding rate) and corn ear worm Helicoverp
a tea (50% mortality with 99% reduction in weight gain among surviving
larvae) when incorporated into a pinto bean diet at levels less than
those occurring naturally in the sclerotia.