H. Roos et al., ON THE COSTAL ARTICULATION-XI, ARTICULATI ON-XII, ARTICULATION-XIII OF THE DOMESTIC CAT (FELIS-CATUS), ANAT HISTOL, 25(3), 1996, pp. 151-152
The costal articulations XI, XII, XIII of the cat are simple, synovial
joints. This dot-shaped suspension of the last ribs from the spinal c
olumn and the existence of a costo-vertebral ligament are coordinated
functionally.