The article concludes that social citizenship is inextricably linked t
o redistributive political conflict between in-groups and out-groups a
nd depends upon state capacity to raise revenues and to police entitle
ment. A key difference between social rights and political and civil r
ights is that consumption of the former hinges on both the consent of
the community and the willingness of others to pay for such consumptio
n, while consumption of the latter does not impose direct costs upon o
thers.