J. Balakrishnan, ONE-LOOP FINITE-TEMPERATURE EFFECTIVE ACTION FOR COMPOSITE FIELDS IN CURVED SPACE, International journal of modern physics A, 10(3), 1995, pp. 389-420
We obtain high temperature results for the one-loop effective action f
or composite fields in interaction with an Abelian gauge field and min
imally coupled to gravity in a curved background space-time, using the
Vilkovisky-DeWitt approach, by making a local expansion in the Rieman
n tenser and its derivatives. We also give results for the fields mini
mally coupled to gravity in an arbitrary curved background space-time
at zero temperature, and for the case where the fields are nonminimall
y coupled to gravity in Euclidean de Sitter space. The results obtaine
d are gauge-invariant and gauge-condition-independent on-shell as well
as off-shell.