INVESTIGATION OF INTRINSIC VARIABILITY IN ONE-DIMENSIONAL PARALLEL SHOCKS USING STEADY-STATE HYBRID SIMULATIONS

We have developed a means of producing a steady state hybrid simulatio n of a collisionless shock. The shock is stopped in the simulation box by transforming into the shock frame and by modifying the downstream boundary conditions to allow the plasma to flow through the simulation box. Once the shock is stationary in the box frame, the simulation ca n be run for an arbitrary time with a fixed box size and a fixed numbe r of simulation particles. Using this technique, we have shown that ce rtain gross properties associated with the shock, such as the particle distribution function (including energetic particles produced by Ferm i acceleration) and the flow speed profile, are constant (except for s tatistical variations) over hundreds of gyroperiods when averaged over times short compared to the average residence time of energetic parti cles. Our results imply that any microphysical processes responsible f or particle heating and/or injection into the Fermi mechanism can be v iewed as smooth and continuous on timescales longer than a few gyroper iods.