R. Arnaud et al., NEW REACTIONS WITH THIOALDEHYDES AND THIENIUM CATIONS, Phosphorus, sulfur and silicon and the related elements, 95-6(1-4), 1994, pp. 319-320
i) When generated under FVT conditions alpha-imino-thioaldehydes under
go a cyclization to dihydro-1,3-thiazoles. ii) Thienium cations, gener
ated during a Pummerer reaction, can be trapped with dienes.