Pd. Clark et al., ALKYLATION OF THIOPHENES AND PREPARATION OF BENZOTHIOPHENES USING MODIFIED MONTMORILLONITE CLAY CATALYSTS, Phosphorus, sulfur and silicon and the related elements, 95-6(1-4), 1994, pp. 441-443
Regioselective benzylation of thiophene and benzothiophene using benzy
l chloride and a ZnCl2-promoted montmorillonite catalyst is described.
An improved process for the cyclization of (arylthio)acetaldehyde dia
lkyl acetals to benzothiophenes using the same catalyst is also docume
nted.