M. Verleye et al., EFFECTS OF CITRULLINE MALATE ON BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED ENDOTOXEMIA IN RATS, Arzneimittel-Forschung, 45-1(6), 1995, pp. 712-715
The administration of endotoxins to rats as lipopolysaccharides (LPS)
induces a state af exhaustion, in which the main symptoms are febrile
hyperthermia, reduced food intake, decreased body weight and reduced m
uscle performance in treadmill tests Underlying the physiological and
behavioral disturbances due to the LPS is the activation of macrophage
s that release cytokines (interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor a) and
NO. The cellular responses are intended to maintain homeostasis. Provi
sion of citrulline as citrulline malate (GAS 54940-97-5, Stimol(R)), a
n antifatigue substance, improved muscle performance but had no effect
on the body temperature or on the body weight of these animals weaken
ed by LPS. The presence of citrulline in the NO synthesis pathway, or
its participation in the speeded up elimination of ammonia and lactate
s the main products of muscle metabolism, might explain the effects of
citrulline malate in vats treated with LPS.