Jc. Beckham et al., SMOKING WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS IN RESPONSE TO A TRAUMA-RELATED STRESSOR AMONG VIETNAM COMBAT VETERANS WITH POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER, Addictive behaviors, 21(1), 1996, pp. 93-101
This study investigated the relationship between a trauma-related stre
ssor and smoking withdrawal symptoms in 25 male Vietnam combat veteran
s with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using a within-subjects de
sign. All subjects were smokers. The stressor involved a modified Stro
op task, in which the veterans color-named either anxiety-related or n
eutral control words. Anxiety-related words produced more withdrawal s
ymptoms than neutral control words, including increased craving, negat
ive affect symptoms, somatic symptoms, and lack of alertness.