New technologies, such as magnetic resonance imaging, are frequently c
ited as major contributors to the growth of national health care expen
diture, The cost-effectiveness of this modality is commonly challenged
, and the lack of health economic documentation increases the level of
criticism, Some common methods for evaluating imaging methods with re
gard to efficacy, cost, and benefits are, therefore, reviewed, Limitat
ions in the assessment of diagnostic imaging are discussed, together w
ith some suggestions as to which methodological approaches may be usef
ul in this field of research.